Final answer:
The desert helped to preserve ancient Egyptian monuments, documents, and bodies due to the dry climate that prevented decomposition and provided protection from invasions.
Step-by-step explanation:
The geographic factor that helped preserve the monuments, the documents, and the bodies of ancient Egyptian rulers was b) The desert. The dry climate of Egypt's deserts ensured that organic materials such as papyrus documents and mummified bodies did not easily decompose.
Additionally, the isolation provided by the surrounding deserts protected Egypt from frequent invasions and helped maintain the stability of its civilization, contributing to the preservation of its cultural artifacts.