Final answer:
The pyramid stones were cut and slopes constructed using skilled manual labor and advanced surveying and leveling techniques. The Egyptian workforce was well-organized and supported by the Nile's abundance, enabling the monumental construction of pyramids such as the Great Pyramid at Giza.
Step-by-step explanation:
The pyramid stones were precisely cut, and the slope of the pyramid was constructed primarily with skilled manual labor and advanced surveying and leveling techniques. The ancient Egyptians employed a large, organized workforce that included a permanent group of skilled craftsmen supplemented by seasonal crews.
These workers used simple yet effective tools and methods, such as lubricated surfaces of wet silt, to move the heavy blocks and earth ramps to raise them to the necessary heights. Egyptian engineers also possessed a profound knowledge of geometry and measurement, evident from the precise construction of the pyramids.
The vast resources of the Nile, including the food surplus it provided, sustained the labor force required for such monumental construction projects. Working efficiently under the control of a head engineer, these workers' accomplishments are exemplified by the Great Pyramid of Khufu at Giza, which contains over 2.3 million stone blocks.
The construction of these ancient marvels is a testament to the organizational power and the technological advancements of the Egyptian civilization.