Final answer:
Congress initially tasked delegates at the Philadelphia Convention to amend the Articles of Confederation, but the delegates ended up creating a new document, the US Constitution, which did not align with the Congress's original request.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Philadelphia Convention, also known as the Constitutional Convention of 1787, was initiated with the purpose to amend the Articles of Confederation. However, the delegates recognized the need for a more profound change and instead created an entirely new framework for the government—the United States Constitution.
Therefore, the correct answer to the question "What did Congress ask the delegates to do at the Philadelphia Convention? Did the delegates accomplish what Congress asked them to do?" is b) Amend the Articles of Confederation; No, as they went beyond amending and drafted a whole new document.