Final answer:
The correct answer to the question about the biblical statement regarding Israel's position among other nations is 'C. Apart from'. King David's effective rule reinforced Israel's distinct place, apart from other nations.
Step-by-step explanation:
The student has asked about a biblical statement regarding the position of Israel among other nations. The correct answer to the question "God said he had set Israel _______ the other nations" is C. Apart from. This phrasing reflects the idea present in the Hebrew Bible that Israel was to be different and separate, a theme that runs particularly through the books of the Law, where Israel is instructed to follow different practices and laws compared to other nations. Regarding the historical context provided, after facing oppression from the Philistines, the Hebrews unified into the kingdom of Israel. Their first king, Saul, did not rule effectively. However, the second king, David, succeeded in both ruling effectively and repelling the Philistines, solidifying Israel's position among other nations.