Answer:
The chart illustrates the severe decline in the native population in the Americas following the arrival of Columbus and the Columbian Exchange.
The Columbian Exchange was a process of cultural and biological exchange that took place between the Americas and Europe following the arrival of Columbus in the New World. This exchange had a profound impact on the Native American populations, as diseases brought over by the Europeans decimated whole communities.
In addition, the economic and social disruption caused by the arrival of the Europeans led to many Native Americans being forced into servitude or exile. As a result of these factors, the Native American population declined sharply in the centuries after Columbus’s arrival.