Final answer:
The German botanist famous for (c)establishing the laws of inheritance is Gregor Mendel. His experiments with garden peas in the 19th century led to the foundational principles of genetics known today as Mendel's Laws.
Step-by-step explanation:
The German botanist mentioned in the question is most likely referring to Gregor Mendel, who is famous for establishing the laws of inheritance. Mendel conducted experiments on true-breeding garden peas in the 1850s and 1860s, where he discovered the principles of heredity that are now known as Mendel's Laws. Although DNA was isolated in the 1860s by Friedrich Miescher, and its structure was determined in 1953, it is Mendel's Laws, comprised of the law of segregation and the law of independent assortment, that relate directly to the principles of inheritance. This groundbreaking work laid the foundations for the field of genetics and was essential in explaining how traits are passed from one generation to the next.
The correct answer to the question is: C) Establishing the laws of inheritance.