Final answer:
The stable food supply due to agricultural advancements led to job specialization and social stratification, creating new roles such as toolmaking, trading, storage management, and equipment maintenance, as well as contributing to gender-specific occupations.
Step-by-step explanation:
Because of a stable food supply, several new types of jobs and specializations emerged. With the development of agriculture, there was no longer a need for every person to engage in farming. Some could focus their efforts on other tasks such as making tools, constructing buildings, or trading goods. Excess crops led to the need for jobs in storage, processing, protection, and transportation of food. Advances in farming technologies spurred the creation of roles for developing and maintaining equipment and irrigation systems. The domestication of animals and herding also became specialized occupations.
Specialization of labor resulted in the stratification of society into different social classes. Those who could generate surpluses became wealthier and evolved into society's leaders, commanding armies and creating rules. Conversely, those without wealth often resorted to less desirable labor or endured a life of servitude. This division of labor and wealth also played a role in gender roles within society, with men typically working in fields and women handling domestic chores.