Final answer:
The Aztec capital, Tenochtitlan, was a meticulously planned city constructed on an island in Lake Texcoco, renowned for its temples, pyramids, palaces, canals, and chinampas, boasting a population of over 200,000 inhabitants by the early 1500s.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Aztec capital was Tenochtitlan, built on an island in the middle of Lake Texcoco. This city was meticulously planned and featured sophisticated architecture, including temples, pyramids, and palaces. Founded in 1325 by the Mexica people, Tenochtitlan developed into a bustling metropolis, with a population exceeding 200,000 at its peak in the early 1500s, making it one of the largest cities of its time. The city's impressive infrastructure included canals similar to those of Venice and agricultural innovations like chinampas. However, with the arrival of the Spanish, Tenochtitlan and its intricate structures such as the Templo Mayor would eventually give way to the construction of modern-day Mexico City.