Final answer:
The characteristic term of Modernism from 1914 to 1945 is Surrealism, which was part of the movement that expressed a shift away from established norms in the arts.
Step-by-step explanation:
The term characteristic of Modernism from 1914 to 1945 is d) Surrealism. Modernism was an arts movement that sought to break away from the established norms and was characterized by a deliberate and radical shift from the traditional forms of art, literature, and social organization. Surrealism, which emerged from the Modernist movement, incorporated the irrational, the dreamy, and the fantastic. It was a means to express the subconscious and to rebel against the conventional depiction of reality. This period in Modernism displayed a skepticism towards absolute truths and ideologies, and surrealism fit this mold by focusing on the bizarre and the unexpected.