Final answer:
According to Daoist tradition, emotional turbulence and excess desires sap our vital energy and cause premature aging and death, while living in accordance with the Dao and practicing wu wei preserve energy and promote longevity.
Step-by-step explanation:
According to the Daoist tradition, what saps our vital energy and causes us to grow old and die too young is B) Emotional turbulence and excess desires. The Daoist philosophy emphasizes living in harmony with the Dao, or the natural way of things, and believes that excessive emotions and desires can disrupt this harmony. This disruption can then lead to a loss of vital energy, also known as qi, which in turn can cause premature aging and death. The Daoists advocate for the practice of wu wei, which means 'non-action' or living in accordance with the natural flow of life, and implies a life free from unnecessary desires and emotional turmoil. Wu wei is a state of spontaneous and natural behavior where actions are done in alignment with the Dao, thus nurturing one's vital energy and contributing to well-being and longevity.