Final answer:
Biological evolution (Option D) refers to the process of genetic change in populations over time, resulting in the development of new species and the elimination of existing ones.
Step-by-step explanation:
The phenomenon through which populations of organisms change over several generations is termed Biological evolution. Biological evolution refers to the process of genetic change in populations over time, resulting in the development of new species and the elimination of existing ones. It is driven by mechanisms such as natural selection, which favors traits that enhance an organism's reproductive success in a given environment. Examples of biological evolution include the development of antibiotic resistance in bacteria and the diversification of finch beak shapes in response to different food sources.