Final answer:
Hypothesis testing in science begins with observing a phenomenon and formulating a hypothesis, which is then tested through controlled experiments. The data collected are analyzed to support or reject the hypothesis, leading to the potential development of a theory.
Step-by-step explanation:
The process of hypothesis testing in science typically involves several steps, starting from the initial observation of a natural phenomenon. Upon making observations, a scientist formulates a tentative explanation known as a hypothesis. The purpose of a hypothesis is to provide a testable prediction regarding the observed phenomena.
The next step is to design experiments to test the hypothesis. This involves creating a controlled environment where variables can be manipulated and measured. Experiments help in collecting data that are analyzed to determine the validity of the hypothesis. If the hypothesis is supported by the experiment, it may be further tested with additional experiments. If not, the hypothesis may be modified or rejected in light of the new evidence.
Finally, based on the outcome of the experiments and analysis, a theory may be developed, which is a generalized explanation of the phenomenon that stands up to repeated testing and offers predictive power. This systematic approach is integral to the scientific method and underpins