Final answer:
The scenario of discovering Tiktaalik's remains, which exhibit features of both fish and amphibians, is an example of evidence of evolution from the b) fossil record, demonstrating how fossils can indicate transitional species and common ancestry.
Step-by-step explanation:
The type of evidence of evolution exemplified by the scenario where remains of an extinct species named Tiktaalik were discovered, showing features of both fish and amphibians, is best categorized as b) Fossil record. The fossil record provides solid evidence that organisms from the past are not the same as those today, showcasing a progression of evolution. By studying fossils, paleontologists can determine the features of extinct species and compare them with living organisms to understand evolutionary transitions. An example given is Archaeopteryx, a transitional fossil that exhibits traits common to both reptiles and birds, such as feathers, supporting the idea that modern species share a common ancestor.