Question

Predict what may happen to EF after a person engages in a long-term aerobic training exercise program and justify your prediction.

a) EF will increase due to improved cardiac efficiency.
b) EF will decrease due to increased strain on the heart.
c) EF will remain unchanged as exercise has no effect on it.
d) EF will fluctuate but eventually stabilize.

Answer 1

EF will increase due to improved cardiac efficiency when a person engages in a long-term aerobic training exercise program. Thus the correct option is a.

Explanation

Engaging in a long-term aerobic training exercise program is likely to result in an increase in ejection fraction (EF) due to improved cardiac efficiency. Aerobic exercise, such as running, cycling, or swimming, places a sustained demand on the cardiovascular system. Over time, the heart adapts to this demand by becoming more efficient in pumping blood. Improved cardiac efficiency is often associated with increased stroke volume and enhanced contractility of the heart, leading to a higher ejection fraction.

Aerobic training induces various physiological adaptations in the cardiovascular system. It enhances the heart's ability to pump blood with each contraction, leading to more efficient oxygen delivery to the body's tissues. This increased efficiency is reflected in the ejection fraction, which is a measure of the percentage of blood pumped out of the heart with each contraction.

While the heart is subjected to increased workload during aerobic exercise, the adaptation process typically strengthens the heart rather than causing damage. The heart becomes more resilient and capable of handling the demands of exercise, resulting in a positive impact on ejection fraction.

Therefore, the prediction that EF will increase due to improved cardiac efficiency is supported by the well-established physiological responses to long-term aerobic training.

Thus the correct option is a.

Answer 2

The correct option is a) EF will increase due to improved cardiac efficiency because long-term aerobic training enhances cardiac efficiency, leading to increased stroke volume and improved overall heart function, resulting in a higher ejection fraction.

Step-by-step explanation:

Engaging in a long-term aerobic training exercise program typically leads to an increase in ejection fraction (EF) due to improved cardiac efficiency. Ejection fraction is a measure of the heart's pumping efficiency and is calculated by dividing the stroke volume (SV) by the end-diastolic volume (EDV).

Aerobic training enhances cardiovascular function by increasing stroke volume and cardiac output, leading to improved efficiency. The heart becomes more adept at pumping blood, resulting in a higher ejection fraction. This positive adaptation is indicative of a healthier cardiovascular system and is commonly observed in individuals who consistently participate in aerobic exercise.

During aerobic training, the heart undergoes beneficial changes such as increased stroke volume, improved contractility, and enhanced diastolic filling. These adaptations contribute to a rise in ejection fraction. The formula for ejection fraction (EF) is EF = (SV / EDV) x 100. With aerobic exercise, the increased stroke volume (numerator) and optimized end-diastolic volume (denominator) lead to a higher overall ejection fraction.

This physiological response reflects the heart's ability to efficiently pump a greater proportion of blood with each contraction. Consequently, the prediction that EF will increase aligns with the well-established cardiovascular benefits associated with long-term aerobic training.

In summary, the prediction that EF will increase as a result of long-term aerobic training is supported by the physiological changes associated with improved cardiac efficiency. The enhanced pumping capacity of the heart, reflected in the increased ejection fraction, signifies a positive adaptation to regular aerobic exercise and underscores the cardiovascular benefits gained through sustained physical activity.