Final answer:
A 'total institution' is a place where all aspects of a person's life are under complete control by the institution. The correct example from the given options is 'jail,' where inmates' daily lives are strictly regulated.
Step-by-step explanation:
The term 'total institution' is used to describe a place where people live or work and where they are cut off from the wider community for a significant time. In such places, all aspects of a person's life are controlled and organized by the institution. Among the options given, jail best exemplifies a total institution. In a jail, the lives of inmates are regulated by the institution, with strict schedules for eating, sleeping, and other daily activities. This contrasts with a high school, political party, or gym, where individuals retain a considerable degree of personal freedom and typically return to their lives outside of these settings on a regular basis.