Final answer:
Kaplan's 3-Stage model describes the body's responses to stress through three stages: alarm reaction, stage of resistance, and stage of exhaustion. It outlines how the body adapts and the possible health effects of prolonged stress. The model aids in understanding stress management and resilience, especially during globalization.
Step-by-step explanation:
Kaplan's 3-Stage model refers to a theory that describes the body's physiological reactions to stress and the process of stress adaptation. The model parallels the general adaptation syndrome, a concept developed by Hans Selye. Kaplan's model is composed of three sequential stages:
- Alarm Reaction: This is the initial stage where the body recognizes a stressor and a 'fight or flight' response is triggered. During this phase, stress hormones such as adrenaline and cortisol are released to prepare the body to respond to the threat.
- Stage of Resistance: In the second stage, the body begins to adapt to the stressor. It attempts to repair itself and return to normal functioning while still on alert. If the stressor persists, the body remains in a state of heightened resistance.
- Stage of Exhaustion: If the stressor continues over a long period and the body cannot maintain the resistance stage, it enters the exhaustion stage. During this phase, the body's resources are depleted, leading to a reduction in the immune system's effectiveness and an increased risk of health issues.
One key advantage of Kaplan's model is that it provides a clear framework for understanding how the body copes with stress over time and the potential long-term health implications of chronic stress. Additionally, it lays the groundwork for developing strategies to manage stress and improve stress resilience, which is particularly relevant in an era of globalization where stressors can emerge from the integration of international trade and finance markets, among other sources.