Question

Both hyperpolarize it and decrease the magnitude of the potassium equilibrium potential

a. Hyperpolarization and increased potassium equilibrium potential occur simultaneously.
b. Hyperpolarization and increased potassium equilibrium potential are unrelated.
c. Hyperpolarization has no impact on the potassium equilibrium potential.
d. Hyperpolarization increases the potassium equilibrium potential.

Answer 1

Hyperpolarization occurs when the membrane potential becomes more negative than the resting potential due to ongoing K+ ion movement. It does not affect the potassium equilibrium potential, which is determined by the ionic concentration gradient.

Step-by-step explanation:

Hyperpolarization occurs during the process of repolarization when potassium ions (K+) move out of the cell, causing the internal cellular environment to become more negative than the resting membrane potential. This is due to the slightly delayed closing of the K+ channels, leading to a continued loss of positively charged K+ ions beyond the point necessary to reach the resting potential of approximately -70 mV. It's important to note that hyperpolarization itself does not change the potassium equilibrium potential, which is defined by the Nernst equation and is dependent on the concentration gradient of K+ across the cell membrane. Therefore, hyperpolarization has no impact on the potassium equilibrium potential, making option 'c' the correct response.