Final answer:
Catholics exhibited resistance to the Religious Settlement, leading to conflicts and rebellions, due to restrictions placed on their rights and religious practices.
Step-by-step explanation:
Catholics responded negatively to the Religious Settlement by exhibiting resistance, which sometimes led to conflicts and rebellions. The settlement imposed penalties on Catholics: they could not sit in Parliament, could not worship freely, were discouraged from bearing arms, and the royal family was prohibited from marrying Catholics. This exclusion fostered dissatisfaction and opposition within the Catholic community, resulting in tension and strife in the face of Protestant ascendency.