Final answer:
TCSEC, also known as the Orange Book, evaluates assurance and functionality of a system. Assurance involves the implementation and adequacy of security measures, while functionality refers to security features offered by the system. Authenticity and response-time are not evaluated by TCSEC criteria.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Trusted Computer System Evaluation Criteria (TCSEC), also known as the Orange Book, evaluates certain characteristics of a computer system to ensure its trustworthiness. Among the criteria evaluated, the two most central characteristics are assurance and functionality.
Assurance is the guarantee that the security measures within the system are effectively implemented and are adequate to protect against known threats. Assessment of this attribute involves evaluating the system's design, development process, and security mechanisms. On the other hand, functionality refers to the specific security features and capabilities that a system offers to protect against unauthorized access or use.
It is important to note that while other factors such as authenticity and response-time might play roles in overall system evaluation, they are not specifically evaluated by TCSEC criteria. TCSEC focuses on how well a system can maintain confidentiality, integrity, and availability, primarily through its assurance and functionality