Final answer:
A flag is flown upside down as a sign of distress. Historically, flags and banners have held significant symbolic meaning, such as signs of victory or distress in military contexts. In modern times, flags can also be a form of symbolic speech and protest.
Step-by-step explanation:
A flag would be flown upside down as a sign of distress, which is option c from the presented choices. This is a recognized signal used internationally made most noticeable when used in an unexpected context. It is particularly significant in military and maritime contexts, where it has been historically used to indicate that a unit or ship is facing an extreme situation and requires immediate assistance.
Throughout history, the conventional use of flags in battles and as banners has been deeply symbolic. During the Great Patriotic War, for example, the act of throwing captured German banners at the feet of Stalin was an unmistakable sign of victory and domination.
In modern times, flags such as the American flag can also act as a form of symbolic speech, such as when a flag is burned to protest against government policies. This act, while controversial, highlights how the flag is integrally tied not only to the nation it represents but also to the ideas and beliefs of its people.