Final answer:
The Latin term 'sempervirens' in the scientific name of redwoods translates to 'evergreen.' This refers to the characteristic of redwoods to retain their foliage throughout the year.
Step-by-step explanation:
Found in the scientific name of the redwoods, sempervirens is Latin for evergreen. This is indicated by the specific epithet sempervirens, which is used in the naming of the coastal redwood, Sequoia sempervirens. Evergreen trees, such as redwoods, retain their leaves throughout the year, unlike deciduous trees which lose their leaves seasonally. The term evergreen is descriptive of the redwoods' ability to keep their foliage year-round, which is a common trait among several conifers mentioned, including spruce (Picea sp.), coastal redwood (Sequoia sempervirens), and juniper (Juniperus sp.).