Final answer:
The correct adjective originating from astrological beliefs about a large planet's happy influence is 'jovial', which is associated with Jupiter or Jove from Roman mythology. option a.
Step-by-step explanation:
The adjective jovial originates from astrological beliefs associated with the planet Jupiter, which was thought to influence happiness and good humor. This idea traces back to Roman mythology, where Jupiter (also known as Jove) was the king of the gods and associated with joy and merriment.
Hence, the correct answer to the student's question is 'a) Jovial'. The sentinels 'Jovian' typically refers to things related to the planet Jupiter, 'jaundiced' is an adjective describing a particular negative view or physical condition related to the liver, and 'juxtaposed' simply means placed close together for contrasting effect.
So Option a is the correct answer.