Final answer:
For petroleum, 42 U.S. gallons is equal to one barrel (bbl), a unit of volume used in the oil industry.
Step-by-step explanation:
For petroleum, 42 U.S. gallons is equal to one barrel (bbl). This is a standard unit of volume used primarily in the oil industry. In terms of other measurements mentioned, a pint is equivalent to two cups and not related to the volume of oil barrels. A quart is a unit of capacity equivalent to two pints. An acre-foot is a unit of volume used in the U.S. primarily for measuring large volumes of water, particularly in terms of water resource management, and is not used for measuring petroleum. Comparatively, a bushel is a unit of volume used for dry goods, such as grains, and not petroleum. Therefore, the correct answer to the question is that a barrel is the unit equal to 42 U.S. gallons in the context of measuring petroleum.