Final answer:
The three main processes in urine production are glomerular filtration (B), where fluid passes through a sieve in the glomerulus; tubular reabsorption (A), where material is moved from filtrate back into the blood; and tubular secretion (C), where materials are moved from the blood into the filtrate.
Step-by-step explanation:
The three main processes involved in urine production are glomerular filtration, tubular reabsorption, and tubular secretion.
- A. Moving material from the filtrate into the blood corresponds to tubular reabsorption. This process involves the transfer of essential substances and water from the filtrate back into the bloodstream.
- B. Passing fluid through a sieve that allows water and small solutes, but blocks proteins is known as glomerular filtration. This initial stage filters blood under pressure in the glomerulus, forming a filtrate in the Bowman's capsule.
- C. Moving material from the blood to the filtrate is referred to as tubular secretion. This involves the selective addition of wastes and excess ions from the blood into the renal tubule, complementing glomerular filtration.
The filtrate then proceeds through the nephron and collecting ducts, undergoing modifications until it is excreted as urine, illustrating the kidney's vital role in filtering blood and maintaining proper water and electrolyte balance.