Final answer:
English language learners are students without disabilities who have diverse learning needs, distinct from students with disabilities such as those with ADHD, autism, or physical disabilities. A learning disability is a neurological disorder, with dyslexia, dysgraphia, and dyscalculia being common examples.
Step-by-step explanation:
Students without disabilities who have diverse learning needs include English language learners. These students do not typically have a disability but may require different teaching methods or educational support to help them succeed in an academic environment where English is the language of instruction. The categories such as students with ADHD, students with autism, and students with physical disabilities fall under the IDEA framework and are considered to have disabilities which affect their educational experiences and may warrant specialized services and supports.
Understanding what constitutes a learning disability is crucial in differentiating between various student needs. A learning disability is generally considered to be a neurological disorder. Common examples of learning disabilities include dyslexia, which impacts reading and language processing; dysgraphia, affecting written expression; and dyscalculia, which pertains to difficulties with math. These disabilities can coexist with other disorders such as ADHD, which may also present learning challenges.
It's important for educators to recognize the distinctions between students with disabilities and those with different learning needs to ensure that all students receive appropriate and inclusive education, tailored to their unique learning profiles.