Final answer:
Apollo 13 is the mission that failed to land on the Moon due to an explosion, leading to a dramatic but successful return to Earth.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Apollo mission that blasted off on April 11, 1970, and had its Aquarius lunar module fail to touch down on the Moon due to an in-flight emergency was Apollo 13. The mission was a near-disaster after an explosion on board, but the courageous efforts of the crew and ground control resulted in the safe return of the astronauts. While Apollo missions like Apollo 11 and Apollo 17 successfully landed on the Moon, Apollo 13's mission was aborted before the lunar landing could take place, thereby making it one of the most dramatic episodes in the history of space exploration.