Final answer:
The Second Great Awakening, initiated by circuit riders, was an evangelical movement active from 1790 to 1850, emphasizing personal salvation and social reform.
Step-by-step explanation:
Second Great Awakening
The religious movement that started from the preaching of circuit riders and was active from 1790 to 1850 is known as the Second Great Awakening. This evangelical revival movement sought to reform individuals and society through religious revivals, stressing that salvation was accessible to all through free will.
Circuit riders and missionaries played a critical role in spreading this movement across the United States, offering the message of spiritual rebirth to diverse groups including the enslaved populations. The revival had far-reaching implications, leading to the establishment of the African Methodist Episcopal Church, the growth of regular church attendance, and encouraging various social reforms and abolitionist movements based on evangelical principles.