Final answer:
The theory you're referring to is Travis Hirschi's Control Theory, which emphasizes the importance of forming prosocial bonds in rehabilitation and reducing the likelihood of reoffending.
Step-by-step explanation:
The theory that expects most offenders to rehabilitate through the formation of new prosocial bonds in adulthood relates to Travis Hirschi's Control Theory of crime. This theory underlines the significance of social bonds for rehabilitation and the reduction of recidivism. It suggests that as individuals form positive, reciprocal relationships and integrate into society, they are less likely to reoffend. This is because of their attachment, commitment, involvement, and belief in social norms and values.
Proponents of this theory advocate for various rehabilitation programs, including therapy, counseling, and vocational training, which aim to reorient an offender's decision-making towards socially constructive options. Factors outlined as important for rehabilitation are economic opportunities, restorative justice programs, and social inclusion. Notably, the positive manner in which rehabilitation is approached can greatly influence its success, with the aim being not just to diminish the recidivism rate but also to strengthen community ties and engagement.