Question

Which of the following best describes the primary applications of electrolytic capacitors in electrical or electronic power supplies?

Option 1: Filtering AC ripple at the output of the rectifier in a DC power supply.
Option 2: Generating alternating current (AC) for various electronic devices.
Option 3: Acting as a primary power source for electronic circuits.
Option 4: Serving as a primary component for signal amplification in audio systems.

Answer 1

Electrolytic capacitors primarily filter AC ripple in power supplies, providing stability to the DC output by storing charge. They are not meant for generating AC, acting as power sources, or amplifying signals.

Step-by-step explanation:

The primary applications of electrolytic capacitors in electrical or electronic power supplies can be best described by Option 1: Filtering AC ripple at the output of the rectifier in a DC power supply. Electrolytic capacitors, which consist of an oxidized metal in a conducting paste, have a high capacitance that makes them ideal for this role. These capacitors function by storing charge and releasing it to smooth out the fluctuations in voltage that occur after the AC to DC conversion process, helping to maintain a consistent DC output.

Electrolytic capacitors are not suited for generating AC, acting as primary power sources, or serving as the main component for signal amplification in audio systems due to their polarization and the potential for damage when reverse polarized. Their capability to store charge and act as filters to dampen the effects of voltage variations makes electrolytic capacitors invaluable in power supply circuits, ensuring the delivery of stable DC power.