Final answer:
The important factor regarding time when landing is ground contact time, and the tissues that absorb the forces are the bones, joints, ligaments, and muscles, with foot arches playing a significant shock-absorbing role.
Step-by-step explanation:
Regarding time and landing, another important factor is ground contact time, with the tissues that absorb these forces being bones, joints, ligaments, and muscles. The option that closely relates to this understanding is:
- b) Ground contact time, muscle activation, and joint stability.
The force exerted on the body during landing can be immense, especially if one lands stiff-legged on a hard surface. The bones, joints, ligaments, and muscles absorb this force and distribute it, reducing the shock passed into the lower limb and the body. Specifically, the arches of the foot play a crucial role in absorbing and redistributing this force, thereby preventing injuries. The elasticity of tissues, particularly tendons, and the overall joint stability contribute to the body's ability to handle such forces during landing.