Final answer:
The word 'variance' meaning in dispute aligns with 'quarrelling.' In collective decision-making and conflict resolution, compromise is an important concept. According to Karl Marx, social structures evolve through conflict, and a hypothesis is akin to a suggestion.
Step-by-step explanation:
The word variance, meaning in dispute or differing, best matches with quarrelling (option a). This word conveys a situation where there is disagreement or a state of conflict.
Responses to the Provided Reference Information:
- In collective decision-making, there is a bias toward compromise (option d). This suggests that when groups make decisions together, they often find a middle ground between different interests and opinions.
- Karl Marx believed that social structures evolve through conflict (option c). This theory is based on the idea that societal changes occur as a result of the struggles between different social classes.
- The word closest in meaning to hypothesis is suggestion (option d). This is because a hypothesis is a proposed explanation or educated guess that needs to be tested for validity.
A second possibility in conflict resolution involves compromise. In scenarios where all parties involved agree on the overarching goals but differ on specifics, compromise is likely. This process of negotiation can lead to each party getting part, but not all, of what they want, exemplified by countries negotiating on greenhouse gas emissions for common goals.