Final answer:
The Ming Emperor, Hongwu, used Confucian scholars and mandarins to help run his government.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Ming Emperor, Hongwu, used two groups of officials to help run his government. The first group was the Confucian scholars who were tasked with the administration of the empire. They were responsible for advising the emperor and overseeing the civil service examinations. The second group was the mandarins, who were civilian government officials appointed by the emperor to advise and restrain the military leaders on matters of foreign policy. These officials played a crucial role in maintaining stability and ensuring the smooth operation of the government.