Final answer:
The example of a parent turning to their child and talking upon being tapped on the shoulder is NOT an application of ABA, as it does not represent a structured behavioral modification technique.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question "Which of the following is NOT an application of Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA)?" requires an understanding of ABA principles. The four scenarios presented are examples of operant conditioning, a core concept in ABA where behaviors are shaped by consequences. However, the scenario that does not fit the model of ABA is "A parent turns to her child and talks to her when the child taps her lightly on the shoulder," as this is more representative of a natural interaction rather than a deliberate behavior modification strategy. The application of ABA involves reinforcing desired behaviors and reducing undesired ones through intentional interventions and strategies.