Final answer:
Option (C), Three-dimensional space is the kind of space we live in, which includes depth, width, and height. Artistic techniques like linear perspective create illusions of this space on flat surfaces. Cubism later challenged traditional representations of this spatial concept.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question 'Three-dimensional space _____' can be answered with option C: is the kind of space we live in. Three-dimensional (3-D) space refers to the environment around us that has depth, width, and height, which we perceive with depth perception. This spatial understanding is distinct from the two-dimensional, flat representations often found in paintings and drawings. While art can create the illusion of three-dimensional space using techniques such as linear perspective, where lines converge at a vanishing point to give depth, this is still a representation on a flat surface.
In the arts, the depiction of space has evolved over time, with significant developments like the invention of linear perspective during the Renaissance. This allowed artists to create convincing illusions of three-dimensional space on two-dimensional surfaces. Moreover, different cultures have had various approaches to representing space in art. For instance, Picasso and the Cubists introduced ways of representing space that broke from traditional linear perspective, emphasizing the flatness of the picture plane and presenting multiple viewpoints simultaneously.
Cubism, for example, challenged the conventional representation of three-dimensional space by offering new ways of seeing that departed from the single-point perspective, implying multiple perspectives and forms in a flat composition. Thus, while art can respond to and represent three-dimensional space, it does so within the limitations of a two-dimensional medium, manipulating visual cues to create the illusion of depth.