Final answer:
The output of running MRP with 500 bottles of B04 in the Distribution Game is the material requirements for B04. Material Requirements Planning (MRP) is used to calculate the materials needed for production.
Step-by-step explanation:
When playing the Distribution Game and running MRP after having 500 bottles of B04, the output that is returned would be B) The material requirements for B04. MRP stands for Material Requirements Planning, which is a system for calculating the materials and components needed to manufacture a product. By running a MRP, you are not determining the maximum retail price, summarizing sales, nor are you calculating the cost of producing the item. Instead, you're looking at what materials are required to meet production needs, considering current inventory levels.
In terms of profit maximization as described in the provided information, once the profit-maximizing output level is determined, such as output quantity 40 in the example, a company can then assess the amount of profits made, such as the $40 mentioned. However, this assessment of profits is separate from the function of MRP within the Distribution Game.