Final answer:
Export promotion advantages include efficiency gains for producers and an emphasis on comparative advantage. It does not protect infant industries, which contrasts with protectionist policies. Trade allows economies of scale and access to a variety of competitive products.
Step-by-step explanation:
The primary advantages of export promotion are that it can force producers to become more efficient as they face global competition, and it emphasizes comparative advantage by allowing countries to focus on producing goods and services they can provide more efficiently compared to others. Although not mentioned as one of the choices, it is essential to understand that export promotion does not provide a protected market for infant industries, as that is more closely related to protectionist policies.
Concerning economies of scale, international trade can enable even small economies to achieve this by producing a greater volume of goods for a larger market beyond their borders. This increased production usually leads to lower average costs and can help a business become more competitive. Additionally, being part of the global market means these businesses benefit from competition and can access a variety of inputs from several producers, which can lead to innovation and improved products.
It is crucial to note that when a government intends to protect certain industries, such as infant industries, the approach should be temporary and geared towards preparing the industry for future market competition instead of providing unending subsidies or protectionist measures.