Final answer:
The concept that describes the interaction between an infant's genes and their environment is known as b. epigenesis. It is closely related to neuroconstructivism and emphasizes the concept of gene-environment interaction.
Step-by-step explanation:
The concept that describes interaction between an infant's genes and their environment resulting in particular developmental outcomes, such as new behaviors or abilities is known as epigenesis. This idea is central to neuroconstructivism, which examines how experiences can shape neural development and, in turn, influence cognitive growth. Neuroconstructivism posits that experiences encountered by children can alter neural pathways, illustrating how environment impacts development. An important aspect of this is the gene-environment interaction, which notes that genes influence the environment and vice versa in a bidirectional relationship - for example, a child’s genetic predispositions can influence the environmental experiences they have, and these can in turn support the realization of their genetic potential.
Moreover, epigenetics considers how the same genetic code can lead to vastly different physical traits or phenotypes due to environmental influences. This field recognizes that while individuals may share a genetic makeup, or genotype, environmental factors play a crucial role in the expression of this genetic information. Therefore, even identical twins, with exactly the same genes, can have different phenotypes due to epigenetic factors. Epigenetics illustrates the complexity of the interplay between our genetics and the environment, indicating that our genes set a certain potential that the environment can modulate.