Final answer:
The city that illustrates the problem of Anacyclosis is Athens, reflecting the cyclical change in government structures it experienced, from democracy to political decline and instability.
Step-by-step explanation:
The historical city that illustrates the problem of Anacyclosis is Athens. Anacyclosis is a political theory which describes the cyclical changes in government structure; from monarchy to tyranny, aristocracy to oligarchy, and democracy to ochlocracy. Historically, Athens experienced various forms of government, including a period of democracy. However, it faced internal strife and external pressures which led to a decline in its political system, reflecting the cycle described by Anacyclosis. The city-state also saw a significant reduction in population and experienced several sacks due to its political instability and the unfortunate choices it made during the Roman civil wars. Despite these challenges, Athens continued to serve as an important cultural and educational center during the Roman era.