Final answer:
A Dunkin' Donuts store operated by an individual for a fee falls under the franchise (option a) retail operation category, where the franchisee uses the franchisor's brand and business model in exchange for franchise and royalty fees.
Step-by-step explanation:
When Dunkin' Donuts allows individuals to build and operate a Dunkin' Donuts store for a fee, it can be classified as a franchise. A franchise, in the context of business, is a model where the franchisor (in this case, Dunkin' Donuts) provides the franchisee (the individual building and operating the store) the rights to use its brand, products, and operational blueprint in exchange for a fee. Major corporations like Dunkin' Donuts offer franchise opportunities which allow them to expand their presence by licensing their business model to independent operators who will run their locations.
For instance, unlike supermarkets which are large, departmentalized stores offering a wide range of food and household products, a franchise like Dunkin' Donuts focuses on a specialty offering, in this case, coffee, doughnuts, and related products. Rather than being considered a specialty store or department store, which offer specific or diverse product ranges respectively, a franchise provides a standardized experience with products and services that are consistent across various locations. Franchisees benefit from the established brand recognition and support from the franchisor, while also paying ongoing royalty fees.
Opting for a franchise also requires adhering to the franchisor's strict operational guidelines and policies to ensure consistency and quality. This retail operation contrasts with choosing to shop or eat at independent retailers or local restaurants, where personal preferences and unique experiences often guide customer choices.