Final answer:
Gerrymandering is the practice of drawing districts to favor one political party or group, named after Massachusetts governor Elbridge Gerry and the salamander-like shape of a district created in 1812.
Step-by-step explanation:
The term for the bizarrely shaped districts that are created to elect a specific politician is A) Gerrymandering. It is the process of drawing electoral districts in a way that gives an unfair advantage to one political party or group over another. This term originated from a combination of the name of Massachusetts governor Elbridge Gerry and the word 'salamander', referencing the distorted shape of the election district he signed into law in 1812 to benefit his party. Gerrymandering is often used to ensure the re-election of incumbents, maintain the status quo, and nearly guarantee non-competitive general elections.