Final answer:
Federally chartered banks in the U.S. are supervised by the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC), not the FDIC. The OCC conducts on-site reviews and also monitors savings and loan institutions.
Step-by-step explanation:
Federally chartered banks in the United States are supervised not by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC), but rather by the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC). The OCC has a staff of bank examiners who conduct on-site reviews of national banks and oversee approximately 800 savings and loan institutions. While the FDIC also plays a role in bank supervision by guaranteeing deposits up to $250,000 and monitoring banks' balance sheets, its primary focus is on deposit insurance rather than supervision itself. The National Credit Union Administration (NCUA) supervises credit unions, and the Federal Reserve supervises bank holding companies.
In conclusion, the correct answer to the question "Federally chartered banks are supervised by" is B. the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency.