Final answer:
Enzymes are effective in breaking down specific types of stains such as proteins, greases, carbohydrates, and cellulose. The correct answer is (c) Enzymes; they work within certain pH ranges and are specialized for different types of stains, aiding in the removal process.
Step-by-step explanation:
Washing the hood with enzymes helps remove starch, salt, sugar, and protein. Each type of stain is typically targeted by a specific type of enzyme: proteases (like savinase) break down proteins, which are commonly found in substances like milk, cocoa, blood, and egg yolk. Lipases are used to break down greases, which include chocolate, fats, and oils. α-amylases tackle carbohydrates such as those found in flour and potato stains, and cellulases work on cellulose, which is present in damaged cotton fibrils and stains from vegetables and fruits.
Enzymes are biological catalysts that operate effectively within specific pH ranges, and cells can secrete acids and bases to maintain these proper pH levels for enzymatic activities. For cleaning purposes, especially when aiming to remove starch, salt, sugar, and protein from the hood, enzymes provide a targeted approach by breaking down these substances, making them easier to wash away.