Final answer:
A high-performance work system is the term that refers to a cohesive set of human resource management policies and practices designed to enhance organizational effectiveness by improving human capital and ensuring equal opportunity in a supportive corporate culture.
Step-by-step explanation:
Among the given options, high-performance work system (HPWS) refers to a set of human resource management policies and practices that promote organizational effectiveness. This is a comprehensive organizational approach that enhances employee capabilities and empowers them through shared information, coherent organization structures, and supportive corporate culture. HPWS is based on the principle that employees are a key source of competitive advantage, and hence the better they are managed through effective HR practices, the more likely the organization is to outperform competitors.
HPWS includes practices such as intensive recruitment and selection processes, extensive employee training and development, performance management systems that are fair and motivate employees, and compensation strategies that reward employee contributions. It leads to an environment that fosters growth, equal opportunity, and strives to manage talent without biases, thus contributing to improved human capital and organizational performance.