Final answer:
The aspect of behavior analysis that involves learning to anticipate the effects of one's behavior, especially in ASD, is Self-regulation. It is significant as it helps in adapting to sensory stimuli and managing repetitive behaviors.
Step-by-step explanation:
Through repeated actions, patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) learn to anticipate the effect of their behavior on objects and their environment. This facet of behavior analysis, particularly relevant to individuals with ASD, aligns most closely with C) Self-regulation. Self-regulation involves coordinating complex movements, as well as associating sensory stimuli with learned behavior. In the context of ASD, this may involve forming a connection between certain actions and their consequences, helping individuals understand and manage their behavior in various situations.
Characteristic symptoms of ASD include impaired social skills, where individuals may struggle with social interactions; repetitive motor behaviors, such as certain motions or actions done repeatedly; adherence to rituals, which is often a form of restricted interests; and a focus on specific subjects. Despite these challenges, many individuals with ASD can function well and may have good language skills, emphasizing that ASD is a spectrum with a range of manifestations.