Final Answer:
Below is a sample implementation using a stack to reverse integer values. It includes both function pointer-based and non-function pointer-based approaches in C programming:
```c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#define MAX_SIZE 100
typedef struct {
int stack[MAX_SIZE];
int top;
} Stack;
// Function to initialize stack
void initialize(Stack *s) {
s->top = -1;
}
// Function to check if the stack is full
int isFull(Stack *s) {
return s->top == MAX_SIZE - 1;
}
// Function to check if the stack is empty
int isEmpty(Stack *s) {
return s->top == -1;
}
// Function to push elements into the stack
void push(Stack *s, int data) {
if (isFull(s)) {
printf("Stack overflow!\\");
return;
}
s->stack[++s->top] = data;
}
// Function to pop elements from the stack
int pop(Stack *s) {
if (isEmpty(s)) {
printf("Stack underflow!\\");
return -1;
}
return s->stack[s->top--];
}
// Function to reverse the input values using a stack without function pointers
void reverseWithoutFuncPointer(int input[], int size) {
Stack stack;
initialize(&stack);
for (int i = 0; i < size; ++i)
push(&stack, input[i]);
printf("Reversed values without function pointer: ");
while (!isEmpty(&stack))
printf("%d ", pop(&stack));
printf("\\");
}
// Function to reverse the input values using a stack with function pointers
void reverseWithFuncPointer(int input[], int size, void (*pushFunc)(Stack*, int)) {
Stack stack;
initialize(&stack);
for (int i = 0; i < size; ++i)
pushFunc(&stack, input[i]);
printf("Reversed values with function pointer: ");
while (!isEmpty(&stack))
printf("%d ", pop(&stack));
printf("\\");
}
int main() {
int input[] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
int size = sizeof(input) / sizeof(input[0]);
reverseWithoutFuncPointer(input, size);
reverseWithFuncPointer(input, size, &push);
return 0;
}
```
Step-by-step explanation:
This code demonstrates the use of a stack data structure to reverse input integer values in C. It includes implementations for both function pointer-based and non-function pointer-based approaches. The program defines a `Stack` structure and relevant stack operations such as `initialize`, `isFull`, `isEmpty`, `push`, and `pop`.
The `reverseWithoutFuncPointer` function reverses input values without using function pointers. It initializes a stack, pushes input elements onto the stack, and then pops and prints them in reverse order.
The `reverseWithFuncPointer` function performs the same task but accepts a function pointer `pushFunc` as an argument. This allows the caller to pass different push functions, enabling flexibility in stack manipulation. In the `main` function, it demonstrates the usage of both methods to reverse the input array.
Function pointers provide flexibility by allowing different functions to be used interchangeably in certain operations. They enable dynamic behavior and can be especially useful in scenarios where different functionalities need to be achieved with similar operations.