Final answer:
The absolute increase of the town's population from 2005 to 2012 is 2000, and the relative increase is 52.6% when rounded to one decimal place.
Step-by-step explanation:
To calculate the absolute increase in the population of the town, we subtract the population in 2005 from the population in 2012:
Absolute increase = Population in 2012 - Population in 2005
= 5800 - 3800
= 2000.
The relative increase or percent increase is calculated by dividing the absolute increase by the original population (from 2005) and then multiplying by 100 to get a percentage:
Relative increase (%) = (Absolute increase / Population in 2005) × 100
= (2000 / 3800) × 100
= 52.6% (rounded to one decimal place).