Final answer:
A trade deficit is when a country's imports exceed its exports. It is represented by the equation (M-X) = I-S - (T-G).
Step-by-step explanation:
A trade deficit occurs when a country's imports exceed its exports. It is represented by the equation (M-X) = I-S - (T-G). In this equation, M represents imports, X represents exports, I represents domestic investment, S represents private savings, T represents taxes collected, and G represents government spending.