Final answer:
To calculate the maximum deposit outflow a bank can sustain without additional reserves, one needs to determine the required reserves based on the reserve ratio, then subtract this from the bank's actual reserves, made up of vault cash and Fed deposits. As of the provided scenario, the bank can sustain a deposit outflow of $24,012.5 thousand.
Step-by-step explanation:
To determine the maximum deposit outflow a bank can sustain without needing to acquire additional reserves, we use the bank's total reserves and the required reserve ratio. Given that the required reserve ratio (r) is 8.25% for Demand Deposits, we first calculate the reserves required for the demand deposits. Then, we add the vault cash and bank deposits with the Fed to find the total actual reserves. The difference between the actual reserves and the required reserves represents the maximum outflow the bank can sustain. However, it's important to note that as of March 2020, the Federal Reserve reduced the reserve requirements to 0%, so in the real world, this calculation would be different.
- Total Demand Deposits: $315,000
- Required Reserve Ratio: 8.25%
- Vault Cash: $18,000
- Bank Deposits with Fed: $32,000
First, let's calculate the required reserves for demand deposits:
Required Reserves = Total Demand Deposits × Required Reserve Ratio
Required Reserves = $315,000 × 0.0825
Required Reserves = $25,987.5 (in thousands of dollars)
Next, we add vault cash and bank deposits with the Fed to get the actual reserves:
Actual Reserves = Vault Cash + Bank Deposits with Fed
Actual Reserves = $18,000 + $32,000
Actual Reserves = $50,000 (in thousands of dollars)
Now, we can find the maximum deposit outflow:
Maximum Deposit Outflow = Actual Reserves - Required Reserves
Maximum Deposit Outflow = $50,000 - $25,987.5
Maximum Deposit Outflow = $24,012.5 (in thousands of dollars)
The bank can therefore theoretically sustain a deposit outflow up to $24,012.5 thousand without requiring additional reserves.