Final answer:
A negative aggregate demand shock can occur due to a decrease in the domestic price level or an increase in the price of raw material.
Step-by-step explanation:
A negative aggregate demand shock can be caused by a decrease in the domestic price level (option a) or an increase in the price of raw material (option d).
When the domestic price level decreases, it leads to a fall in overall consumer spending, as consumers can purchase goods and services at a cheaper price. This decrease in consumer spending causes a decrease in aggregate demand.
An increase in the price of raw material also leads to a negative aggregate demand shock. This increase in input costs raises production costs for businesses, which in turn reduces their output and overall spending in the economy.