Final answer:
The subject of the question is the money supply, specifically M1, which represents the most liquid forms of money in the economy and is tracked by central banks like the Federal Reserve to guide monetary policy decisions.
Step-by-step explanation:
The subject of the question relates to the money supply in the economy, specifically the narrow money which is often referred to as M1. M1 typically includes the most liquid forms of money, such as cash and assets that can quickly be converted to cash. Quantities like 2414, 5981, 6081, and 500 would represent monetary units (presumably in millions or billions) in this context. When we talk about the money base or monetary base, we're referring to the total amount of money that's available in the economy, which can include currency in circulation and reserves held by the banks.
The importance of tracking M1 is due to its implications for monetary policy, inflation, and economic health. For example, if M1 grows too quickly, it might indicate potential inflationary pressures, while sluggish growth could hint at economic stagnation. Central banks, such as the Federal Reserve in the United States, monitor M1 and M2 (which includes M1 along with savings accounts, time deposits, and other slightly less liquid assets) to guide their monetary policy decisions.